What is an IP Rating?

What is an IP Rating?

IP rating is also known as Ingress Protection or International Protection ratings are defined to the international standard of EN 60529 (British BS EN 60529:1992). This standard is used to define the levels of sealing effectiveness of electrical enclosures against intrusion from foreign bodies such as tools, dirt and moisture.  

What do the two digits in an IP Rating mean?

The rating consists of the letters IP followed by two digits, the higher the number the better the protection.  Sometimes a number is replaced by X, which indicates that the enclosure is not rated for that specification. 

IP65   =  First Digit - Solids

The first digit indicates the level of protection that the enclosure provides against the ingress of solid foreign objects, from tools or fingers that could be hazardous if they came into contact with electrical conductors or moving parts, to airborne dirt and dust that could damage circuitry.

IP65   =  Second Digit - Liquids

The second digit defines the protection of the equipment inside the enclosure against various forms of moisture (drips, sprays, submersion etc).

First Digit Intrusion Protection Second Digit Moisture Protection

0 No protection. 0 No protection.

1 Protected against solid objects over 50mm, e.g. accidental touch by hands. 1 Protected against vertically falling drops of water, e.g. condensation.

2 Protected against solid objects over 12mm, e.g. fingers. 2 Protected against direct sprays of water up to 150 from the vertical.

3 Protected against solid objects over 2.5mm, e.g. tools & wires. 3 Protected against direct sprays of water up to 600 from the vertical.

4 Protected against solid objects over 1mm, e.g. wires & nails. 4 Protected against water splashed from all directions, limited ingress permitted.

5 Protected against dust limited ingress, no harmful deposits. 5 Protected against low pressure jets of water from all directions, limited ingress permitted.

6 Totally protected against dust. 6 Protected against strong jets of water, e.g. on ships deck, limited ingress permitted.

 

IP Rating First Digit - SOLIDS Second Digit - LIQUIDS

IP00 Not protected from solids. Not protected from liquids.

IP01 Not protected from solids. Protected from condensation.

IP02 Not protected from solids. Protected from water spray less than 15 degrees from vertical.

IP03 Not protected from solids. Protected from water spray less than 60 degrees from vertical.

IP04 Not protected from solids. Protected from water spray from any direction.

IP05 Not protected from solids. Protected from low pressure water jets from any direction.

IP06 Not protected from solids. Protected from high pressure water jets from any direction.

IP07 Not protected from solids. Protected from immersion between 15 centimetres and 1 metre in depth.

IP08 Not protected from solids. Protected from long term immersion up to a specified pressure.

IP10 Protected from touch by hands greater than 50 millimetres. Not protected from liquids.

IP11 Protected from touch by hands greater than 50 millimetres. Protected from condensation.

IP12 Protected from touch by hands greater than 50 millimetres. Protected from water spray less than 15 degrees from vertical.

IP13 Protected from touch by hands greater than 50 millimetres. Protected from water spray less than 60 degrees from vertical.

IP14 Protected from touch by hands greater than 50 millimetres. Protected from water spray from any direction.

IP15 Protected from touch by hands greater than 50 millimetres. Protected from low pressure water jets from any direction.

IP16 Protected from touch by hands greater than 50 millimetres. Protected from high pressure water jets from any direction.

IP17 Protected from touch by hands greater than 50 millimetres. Protected from immersion between 15 centimetres and 1 metre in depth.

IP18 Protected from touch by hands greater than 50 millimetres. Protected from long trem immersion up to a specified pressure.

IP20 Protected from touch by fingers and objects greater than 12 millimetres. Not protected from liquids.

IP21 Protected from touch by fingers and objects greater than 12 millimetres. Protected from condensation.

IP22 Protected from touch by fingers and objects greater than 12 millimetres. Protected from water spray less than 15 degrees from vertical.

IP23 Protected from touch by fingers and objects greater than 12 millimetres. Protected from water spray less than 60 degrees from vertical.

IP24 Protected from touch by fingers and objects greater than 12 millimetres. Protected from water spray from any direction.

IP25 Protected from touch by fingers and objects greater than 12 millimetres. Protected from low pressure water jets from any direction.

IP26 Protected from touch by fingers and objects greater than 12 millimetres. Protected from high pressure water jets from any direction.

IP27 Protected from touch by fingers and objects greater than 12 millimetres. Protected from immersion between 15 centimetres and 1 metre in depth.

IP28 Protected from touch by fingers and objects greater than 12 millimetres. Protected from long term immersion up to a specified pressure.

IP30 Protected from tools and wires greater than 2.5 millimetres. Not protected from liquids.

IP31 Protected from tools and wires greater than 2.5 millimetres. Protected from condensation.

IP32 Protected from tools and wires greater than 2.5 millimetres. Protected from water spray less than 15 degrees from vertical.

IP33 Protected from tools and wires greater than 2.5 millimetres. Protected from water spray less than 60 degrees from vertical.

IP34 Protected from tools and wires greater than 2.5 millimetres. Protected from water spray from any direction.

IP35 Protected from tools and wires greater than 2.5 millimetres. Protected from low pressure water jets from any direction.

IP36 Protected from tools and wires greater than 2.5 millimetres. Protected from high pressure water jets from any direction.

IP37 Protected from tools and wires greater than 2.5 millimetres. Protected from immersion between 15 centimetres and 1 metre in depth.

IP38 Protected from tools and wires greater than 2.5 millimetres. Protected from long term immersion up to a specified pressure.

IP40 Protected from tools and small wires greater than 1 millimetre. Not protected from liquids.

IP41 Protected from tools and small wires greater than 1 millimetre. Protected from condensation.

IP42 Protected from tools and small wires greater than 1 millimetre. Protected from water spray less than 15 degrees from vertical. 

IP43 Protected from tools and small wires greater than 1 millimetre. Protected from water spray less than 60 degrees from vertical.

IP44 Protected from tools and small wires greater than 1 millimetre. Protected from water spray from any direction.

IP45 Protected from tools and small wires greater than 1 millimetre. Protected from low pressure water jets in any direction.

IP46 Protected from tools and small wires greater than 1 millimetre. Protected from high pressure water jets from any direction.

IP47 Protected from tools and small wires greater than 1 millimetre. Protected from immersion between 15 centimetres and 1 metre in depth.

IP48 Protected from tools and small wires greater than 1 millimetre. Protected from long term immersion up to a specified pressure.

IP50 Protected from limited dust ingress.  Not protected from liquids.

IP51 Protected from limited dust ingress.    Protected from condensation.

IP52 Protected from limited dust ingress. Protected from water spray less than 15 degrees from vertical.

IP53 Protected from limited dust ingress. Protected from water spray less than 60 degrees from vertical.

IP54 Protected from limited dust ingress. Protected from water spray from any direction.

IP55 Protected from limited dust ingress. Protected from low pressure water jets from any direction.

IP56 Protected from limited dust ingress. Protected from high pressure water jets from any direction.

IP57 Protected from limited dust ingress. Protected from immersion between 15 centimetres and 1 metre in depth.

IP58 Protected from limited dust ingress. Protected from long term immersion up to a specified pressure.

IP60 Protected from total dust ingress. Not protected from liquids.

IP61 Protected from total dust ingress.                          Protected from condensation.

IP62 Protected from total dust ingress. Protected from water spray less than 15 degrees from vertical.

IP63 Protected from total dust ingress. Protected from water spray less than 60 degrees from vertical.

IP64 Protected from total dust ingress. Protected from water spray from any direction.

IP65 Protected from total dust ingress. Protected from low pressure water jets from any direction.

IP66 Protected from total dust ingress. Protected from high pressure water jets from any direction.

IP67 Protected from total dust ingress. Protected from immersion between 15 centimetres and 1 metre in depth.

IP68 Protected from total dust ingress. Protected from long term immersion up to a specified pressure.

IP69K Protected from total dust ingress. Protected from steam-jet cleaning.

Time Flies..... Years Difference

Intel Announces New 11th-gen Tiger Lake Processors and New Iris Xe Graphics

Intel Announces New 11th-gen Tiger Lake Processors, New Iris Xe Graphics

Intel has finally taken the wraps off its latest generation of processors. The new Tiger Lake chips from Intel is its 11th-generation of processors, and offers features such as Thunderbolt 4 support, WiFi 6, and a lot more. Intel’s announcement today focused on processors for laptops, with the company unveiling U-series processors aimed at thin and light laptops.

Intel’s announcement has a total of 9 new processors, with the Core i7-1185G7 at the top of the stack. This particular processor features 4 cores/ 8 threads and operates at a base frequency of 3.0GHz. It also comes with Intel’s new Iris Xe graphics, which go up to 1.35GHz on the i7-1185G7.

Tiger Lake is built on a 10nm process similar to Intel’s current Ice Lake chips. However, the company says that it has upgraded the new processors to the Willow Core architecture with a new ’10nm SuperFIN’ design. Intel claims this offers better speeds at lower power consumption, something that’s a must, especially for laptop processors.

Here are all the processors announced today:

Show  entries

Search:

Processor Cores/ Threads Base Clock Boost Clock Boost Clock (Single Core) Graphics TDP

Core i7-1185G7 4/8 3.0GHz 4.3GHz 4.8GHz Iris Xe 12-28W

Core i7-1165G7 4/8 2.8GHz 4.1GHz 4.7GHz Iris Xe 12-28W

Core i5-1135G7 4/8 2.4GHz 3.8GHz 4.2GHz Iris Xe 12-28W

Core i3-1125G4 4/8 2.0GHz 3.3GHz 3.7GHz Intel UHD 12-28W

Core i3-1115G4 2/4 3.0GHz 4.1GHz 4.1GHz Intel UHD 12-28W

Core i7-1160G7 4/8 1.2GHz 3.6GHz 4.4GHz Iris Xe 7-15W

Core i5-1130G7 4/8 1.1GHz 3.4GHz 4.0GHz Iris Xe 7-15W

Core i3-1120G4 4/8 1.1GHz 3.0GHz 3.5GHz Intel UHD 7-15W

Core i3-1110G4 2/4 1.8GHz 3.9GHz

New Intel Iris Xe Graphics

Intel also announced new Iris Xe graphics alongside the new Tiger Lake processors. These graphics can be found in the new Core i5 and i7 processors announced today while the i3 processors keep Intel UHD graphics.

According to the company, the new graphics offer up to twice the performance of the last generation. The company even showed off a demo where the Iris Xe graphics performed better than a 10th-gen processor paired with an MX350 GPU.

Intel EVO Platform

Intel also announced a new platform of PCs. Building on the premise offered by Project Athena, Intel’s new Evo platform is aimed at helping PC buyers know that the device they’re purchasing will meet high quality standards. For a laptop to get the Evo branding, it has to satisfy requirements including WiFi 6 support, Thunderbolt 4, 9 hour battery life on a charge, and fast system wakes in less than a second.

Intel says that over 20 Evo verified designs will be available by the end of the year.

UCL engineers set new world record internet speed

UCL engineers set new world record internet speed

19 August 2020

The world’s fastest data transmission rate has been achieved by a team of UCL engineers who reached an internet speed a fifth faster than the previous record.

Working with two companies, Xtera and KDDI Research, the research team led by Dr Lidia Galdino (UCL Electronic & Electrical Engineering), achieved a data transmission rate of 178 terabits a second (178,000,000 megabits a second) – a speed at which it would be possible to download the entire Netflix library in less than a second.

The record, which is double the capacity of any system currently deployed in the world, was achieved by transmitting data through a much wider range of colours of light, or wavelengths, than is typically used in optical fibre. (Current infrastructure uses a limited spectrum bandwidth of 4.5THz, with 9THz commercial bandwidth systems entering the market, whereas the researchers used a bandwidth of 16.8THz.)

To do this, researchers combined different amplifier technologies needed to boost the signal power over this wider bandwidth and maximised speed by developing new Geometric Shaping (GS) constellations (patterns of signal combinations that make best use of the phase, brightness and polarisation properties of the light), manipulating the properties of each individual wavelength. The achievement is described in a new paper in IEEE Photonics Technology Letters.

The benefit of the technique is that it can be deployed on already existing infrastructure cost-effectively, by upgrading the amplifiers that are located on optical fibre routes at 40-100km intervals. (Upgrading an amplifier would cost £16,000, while installing new optical fibres can, in urban areas, cost up to £450,000 a kilometre.)

The new record, demonstrated in a UCL lab, is a fifth faster than the previous world record held by a team in Japan.

At this speed, it would take less than an hour to download the data that made up the world’s first image of a black hole (which, because of its size, had to be stored on half a ton of hard drives and transported by plane). The speed is close to the theoretical limit of data transmission set out by American mathematician Claude Shannon in 1949.

Lead author Dr Galdino, a Lecturer at UCL and a Royal Academy of Engineering Research Fellow, said: “While current state-of-the-art cloud data-centre interconnections are capable of transporting up to 35 terabits a second, we are working with new technologies that utilise more efficiently the existing infrastructure, making better use of optical fibre bandwidth and enabling a world record transmission rate of 178 terabits a second.”

Since the start of the COVID-19 crisis, demand for broadband communication services has soared, with some operators experiencing as much as a 60% increase in internet traffic compared to before the crisis. In this unprecedented situation, the resilience and capability of broadband networks has become even more critical.

Dr Galdino added: “But, independent of the Covid-19 crisis, internet traffic has increased exponentially over the last 10 years and this whole growth in data demand is related to the cost per bit going down. The development of new technologies is crucial to maintaining this trend towards lower costs while meeting future data rate demands that will continue to increase, with as yet unthought-of applications that will transform people’s lives.”

This work is funded by the Royal Academy of Engineering, The Royal Society Research grant, and the EPSRC programme grant TRANSNET (EP/R035342/1).

INSTAGRAM page Handled by Karthi Nigam

www.instagram.com/INARA.picturesque/

Forget 5nm, TSMC already has its eyes on 2nm chips

The size reduction of computer transistors has been going on since the day they were invented. Thanks to the amazing engineering and theoretical work of thousands of people, we’re all holding in our hands devices that would seem like science fiction just a few decades ago.

But semiconductor manufacturers are never satisfied and keep breaking down barriers to bring us even smaller and more powerful chips. At the nanometer scale we’re at now, things are getting very complicated. Production methods that worked before can be used no longer and new ones have to be developed.

That’s exactly what TSMC is doing right now, as reported by DigiTimes. According to TSMC's latest annual report, the company has begun its research and development efforts towards the 2nm process in 2019, and preliminary studies regarding nodes even smaller than that are underway as well.

If you haven’t been following the developments on the nanometer front, currently, the best smartphone chips are built using the 7nm process. The first ones using the 5nm process are expected later this year (likely Apple’s A14 chip for the new iPhones). After that will come the 3nm one, targeted for 2022-2023, and hopefully, around 2025, we’ll see the first 2nm chips on the market.

In nanometers, the difference is small, but we should look at what it means for transistor density. A 7nm chip can fit 2 times more transistors on the same die as a 14nm one, but a 2nm one will be able to fit 3.5 times more than a 7nm one!

Chips that powerful and that energy-efficient will open up a whole new set of functions our phones will be able to perform. And while that future is still a few years away, it’s steadily coming and it’s exciting!

Scientists develop photon-based silicon circuitry that could make Moore's Law obsolete

Scientist managed to change the cubic silicon structure into a hexagonal nanowire structure. (Image Source: Wired)

By changing the cubic silicon structure to a hexagonal nanowire structure, scientists managed to develop photon-based silicon alloy circuitry that may replace electron-based transistors. The photon-based material prevents electron traffic jams, overheating and transmission slowdowns caused by cramming too many transistors.

by Bogdan Solca, 2020/04/15

Intel co-founder Gordon Moore was estimating that CPU transistor counts could double every two years, and so far this proved to be more or less accurate. The problem now is that we are approaching the physical limits of silicon transistors, which cannot really be shrunk down to less than 1 nanometer, so scientists are looking into new materials that can help overcome such restrictions. One of the latest inventions in this field comes from the Netherlands in the form of light-emitting silicon circuitry that could help reduce the number of needed transistors while still improving the performance.

A group of Eindhoven University of Technology scientists led by Erik Bakkers managed to develop silicon alloy nanowires that can emit light. These new materials can potentially be used to build photon-based circuits that, in turn, may replace the electron-based cubic transistor models used in commercial chips nowadays.

The photon-based hexagonal nanowires should greatly improve the computational performance as data transmitted through photons instead of electrons can prevent electron traffic jams, overheating and transmission slowdowns caused by cramming too many transistors in a determined area. Photons move considerably faster than electrons, so they can transmit data more efficiently over multiple channels. With the introduction of photonic circuits, data-intensive applications like machine learning and big data crunching could see tremendous boosts.

Researchers are currently trying to figure out a way to implement a tiny laser to act as the light source within the new materials. It is yet unclear how long it will take for this technology to become a reality. Intel is planning to reach the 1 nm transistor size limit by the end of this decade and TSMC may do it even faster, so scientists ought to come with a decent solution by 2025.

The machine used to fabricate the new hexagonal silicon alloy nanowires (Image Source: Wired)

#BEYOU, the world will adjust 🙂

20 most expensive cars in the world

The 20 most expensive cars in the world:

1. Rolls Royce Sweptail  – $13 Million
2. Mercedes Benz Maybach Exelero – $8.0 million
3. Bugatti Divo – $5.8 million
4. Koenigsegg CCXR Trevita – $4.8 million
5. Lamborghini Veneno Roadster – $4.5 million
6. McLaren P1 LM – $3.6 million
7. Lykan Hypersport – $3.4 million
8. Bugatti Veyron by Masory Vivere – $3.3 million
9. Aston Martin Valkyrie – $3.2 million
10. Ferrari Pininfarina Sergio – $3 million
11. Pagani Huayra BC – $2.8 million
12. Bugatti Chiron – $2.7 million
13. La Ferrari FXX K – $2.7 million
14. Mercedes-AMG One – $2.5 million
15. Ferrari LaFerrari Aperta – $2.4 million
16. Lamborghini Sesto Elemento – $2.2 million
17. Koenigsegg One – $2 million
18. Zenvo TS1 GT — $1.9 million
19. Ferrari LaFerrari – $1.4 million
20. McLaren P1 – $1.15 million

New budget phones arrived in the Market.....from REALME brand.

#Realme 6 pro is the First mobile to have india's own satellite Navigation system ( NAVIC ).

#Realme 6 is the latest budget phone with Gaming processor. 

#Chocolate #Benefits

7 Proven Health Benefits of Dark Chocolate

• Very Nutritious. Share on Pinterest. ...
• Powerful Source of Antioxidants. ...
• May Improve Blood Flow and Lower Blood Pressure. ...
• Raises HDL and Protects LDL From Oxidation. ...
• May Reduce Heart Disease Risk. ...
• May Protect Your Skin From the Sun. ...
• Could Improve Brain Function.

#MaWhiteBeauty

2 new AI Chips by ARM

Arm unveils 2 new AI edge computing chips

KYLE WIGGERS@KYLE_L_WIGGERS FEBRUARY 10, 2020 6:00 AM

Simon Segars expects Arm's partners to ship 50 billion chips in the next two years.

Image Credit: Dean Takahashi

Semiconductor and software design company Arm is doubling down on edge AI hardware, a market that’s expected to be worth $1.15 billion by 2023. It today announced two new AI-capable processors — the Arm Cortex-M55 and Ethos-U55, a neural processing unit (NPU) — designed for internet of things (IoT) endpoint devices, alongside supporting software libraries, toolchains, and models. The company claims that the two chips, which are expected to arrive in market in early 2021, together will deliver an uplift of up to 480 times in machine learning performance in certain voice and vision scenarios.
“[Machine learning] processing on low-power endpoint devices is critical to realizing the full potential of AI for IoT,” wrote the company in press materials. “An extended range of advanced hardware capabilities is required to enable innovation and scale.”

The Cortex-M55, the newest member of Arm’s Cortex-M processor portfolio of cost-optimized and power-efficient microcontroller devices, delivers up to a 15 times uplift in AI performance on its own compared with previous Cortex-M generations, as well as custom instructions and configuration options. Like the Ethos-U55, it’s available in a reference design — Corstone-300 — that ships with a number of secure subsystems and a toolkit with which to build secure embedded systems.

The Cortex-M55 also has the distinction of being the first system-on-chip based on Arm’s Helium technology, an extension of the Armv8.1-M architecture that is optimized for low-power silicon and adds over 150 new scalar and vector instructions. The integer Helium enables efficient compute of 8-bit, 16-bit, and 32-bit fixed-point data, the last two of which are widely used in traditional signal processing applications such as audio processing. As for the 8-bit fixed-point format, it’s common in machine learning processing such as neural network computation and image processing, complementing floating point data types including single-precision floats (32-bit) and half-precision floats (16-bit).
According to Arm, Helium enables a performance boost of up to 5 times for digital signal processing and 15 times for machine learning with the Cortex-M55. It additionally allows for advanced memory interfaces to provide speedy access to machine learning data, and it builds in Arm’s TrustZone systemwide embedded security technology.

Ethos-U55 — which is intended to be paired with a Cortex-M processor like the Cortex-M55, Cortex-M33, Cortex-M7, or Cortex-M4  — packs between 32 and 256 configurable compute units capable of achieving up to 32 times machine learning performance uplift compared with the Cortex-M55. Pitted against the Cortex-M7, Arm claims that the Ethos-U55 and Cortex-M55 are up to 50 times faster in terms of speed to inference and up to 25 more energy efficient in tasks like voice activity detection, noise cancellation, two-mic beamforming, echo cancellation, equalizing, mixing, keyword spotting, and automatic speech recognition.

On the software side, both the Ethos-U55 and Cortex-M55 benefit from a unified software development flow that folds embedded code, digital signal processor code, and AI model code into one. Importantly, it plays nicely with popular machine learning frameworks like Google’s TensorFlow and Facebook’s PyTorch, plus Arm’s own solutions.
The unveiling of the Ethos-U55 comes after Arm took the wraps off of the Ethos-N57 and Ethos-N37, which both feature voice recognition and always-on capabilities. (Ethos, which launched recently, is a product suite focused on solving complex AI compute challenges with sensitivity to battery life and cost.) Around the same time in October, the company revealed its roadmap for Mbed OS, the embedded software operating system that’s meant to serve as a foundation for smart and connected devices.

Excellent Explanation About Life 💟 Bhagavad Gita

Camera Beast............loading

Samsung S20 ultra on the way..... 

Samsung Galaxy S20 Ultra 5G Specification's

Brand	Samsung
Model	Galaxy S20 Ultra 5G
Operating System	Android v10 (Q)
Custom UI	Samsung One UI
SIM Slot(s)	Dual SIM, GSM+GSM
SIM Size	SIM1: Nano SIM2: Nano (Hybrid)
Network	4G: Available (supports Indian bands) 3G: Available, 2G: Available
Fingerprint Sensor
Quick Charging

Features

Design

Height	167 mm
Width	76 mm
Thickness	8.8 mm
Weight	221 grams
Colours	Black
Waterproof	Water resistant, IP68
Ruggedness	Dust proof

Display

Screen Size	6.9 inches (17.53 cm)
Screen Resolution	1440 x 3200 pixels
Bezel-less display	with punch-hole display
Pixel Density	509 ppi
Display Type	Dynamic AMOLED
Screen Protection	Corning Gorilla Glass v6
Touch Screen	Capacitive Touchscreen, Multi-touch
Screen to Body Ratio (calculated)	90.57 %

Performance

Chipset	Samsung Exynos 9 Octa 990
Processor	Octa core (2.73 GHz, Dual core + 2.31 GHz, Dual core, Cortex A76 + 1.95 GHz, Quad core, Cortex A55)
Architecture	64 bit
Graphics	Mali-G77 MP11
RAM	12 GB

Storage

Internal Memory	128 GB
Expandable Memory	Up to 1 TB

Camera

Main Camera
Resolution	108 MP + 48 MP + 12 MP Triple Primary Cameras
Sensor	Exmor-RS CMOS Sensor, ISO-CELL
Autofocus	Phase Detection autofocus, Dual Pixel autofocus
Optical Image Stabilisation
Flash	LED Flash
Image Resolution	12000 x 9000 Pixels
Settings	Exposure compensation, ISO control
Shooting Modes	Continuos Shooting, High Dynamic Range mode (HDR)
Camera Features	Digital Zoom, 10 x Optical Zoom, Auto Flash, Face detection, Touch to focus
Front Camera
Resolution	40 MP Front Camera

Battery

Capacity	5000 mAh
Type	Li-Polymer
User Replaceable	No
Wireless Charging
Quick Charging	Fast

Network & Connectivity

SIM Size	SIM1: Nano, SIM2: Nano (Hybrid)
Network Support	4G (supports Indian bands), 3G, 2G
VoLTE	Yes
SIM 1	4G Bands: TD-LTE 2300(band 40) FD-LTE 1800(band 3) 3G Bands: UMTS 1900 / 2100 / 850 / 900 MHz 2G Bands: GSM 1800 / 1900 / 850 / 900 MHz GPRS: Available EDGE: Available
SIM 2	4G Bands: TD-LTE 2300(band 40) FD-LTE 1800(band 3) 3G Bands: UMTS 1900 / 2100 / 850 / 900 MHz 2G Bands: GSM 1800 / 1900 / 850 / 900 MHz GPRS: Available EDGE: Available
Wi-Fi	Wi-Fi 802.11, b/g/n
Wi-Fi Features	Mobile Hotspot
Bluetooth	v5.0
GPS	with A-GPS, Glonass
NFC
USB Connectivity	Mass storage device, USB charging
USB Type-C	(Doesn`t support micro-USB)

Multimedia

Loudspeaker
Audio Jack	3.5 mm

Special Features

Fingerprint Sensor
Fingerprint Sensor Position	On-screen
Other Sensors	Light sensor, Proximity sensor, Accelerometer, Barometer, Compass, Gyroscope

#OneOfMyFavPLACE #Madikeri ( coorg )

Madikeri ( coorg )

Town in Karnataka

Madikeri is a hill town in southern India. Framed by the Western Ghats mountain range, it’s known for the Raja’s Seat, a simple monument overlooking forests and rice paddies. In the center, the 17th-century Madikeri Fort features 2 stone elephants at the entrance. Nearby, the domed Omkareshwar Temple is dedicated to the Hindu deity Shiva. To the northwest, cascading Abbey Falls is surrounded by spice plantations.

When to visit

Madikeri has a tropical climate. Temperatures are warm year-round, and monsoon rainfall can be heavy Jun–Aug. The relatively dry, mild months of Dec–Apr are a common time to visit. The 10-day Madikeri Dasara festival (dates vary) features colorful processions and temple celebrations throughout the town.

Qualcomm Snapdragon upcoming chipsets

Qualcomm introduces the Snapdragon 720G, 662, and 460 aimed at 4G markets, becomes the first to support ISRO's NavIC GPS constellation

Qualcomm has announced three new Snapdragon Mobile Platforms for budget users. (Image Source: Qualcomm)

Qualcomm has revealed three new SoCs for upcoming budget smartphones — the Snapdragon 720G, Snapdragon 662, and the Snapdragon 460. These 4G SoCs come with support for key Wi-Fi 6 features, support for ISRO's NavIC GPS satellite constellation, and improved AI capabilities. The new SoCs will be available for OEMs worldwide starting with Snapdragon 720G in Q1 2020.

by Vaidyanathan Subramaniam, 2020/01/21

ARM Android Smartphone

Qualcomm has launched three new Mobile Platforms targeting budget smartphone users viz. the Snapdragon 720G, Snapdragon 662, and the Snapdragon 460. These SoCs offer fast 4G speeds, improved wireless connectivity via key Wi-Fi 6 features, Bluetooth 5.1 with Qualcomm FastConnect 6, and support for L1 and L5 dual-frequency GNSS. The new SoCs are also the first to support the Indian Space Research Organization's (ISRO) Navigation with Indian Constellation (NavIC) GPS constellation system. 

Snapdragon 720G

The Snapdragon 720G furthers lowers the entry-point into Qualcomm's mid-range segment, which is currently helmed by the recently announced Snapdragon 765/765G. While the 765G is fabbed on the 7nm process, the 720G is a 8nm part and uses the Snapdragon X15 LTE modem. The Snapdragon X15 supports 3-carrier aggregation, 4x4 MIMO on two carriers, and 256-QAM for download speeds up to 800 Mbps.

Like the 765G, the 720G also features select Qualcomm Snapdragon Elite Gaming features. The SoC supports HDR gaming, Qualcomm aptX Adaptive, and a Spectra 350L ISP that allows for a maximum photo capture resolution of 192 MP. Other features include support for 5th generation AI Engine with Qualcomm Hexagon Tensor Accelerator and FastConnect 6200 Wi-Fi enhancements with WPA3 and Wi-Fi 6 8x8 muti-user MIMO. 

Snapdragon 662

The 6-series gets an upgrade this year to the Snapdragon 662. This SoC features the Spectra 340T ISP that supports triple cameras and HEIF image capture. The 3rd generation AI Engine with Hexagon Vector Extensions (HVX) enable support for AI-based night photography, face and voice ID, and use of avatars. The Snapdragon 662 features the Snapdragon X11 LTE mode with 2-CA, 2x2 MIMO, 256-QAM, and download speeds up to 390 Mbps.

Snapdragon 460

The Snapdragon 460 looks to provide a compelling upgrade over the Snapdragon 450 with the inclusion of performance CPU cores and an updated GPU. Qualcomm says that the CPU and GPU in the Snapdragon 460 offer 70% and 60% improved performance, respectively, over the Snapdragon 450. For the first time, the 4-series is getting some AI love with the 3rd generation Qualcomm AI Engine that includes HVX and the Spectra 340 ISP. Like the Snapdragon 662, the Snapdragon 460 also features the X11 LTE modem for fast 4G connectivity. 

Devices based on the Snapdragon 720G will be available in Q1 2020 with Xiaomi slated to be among the first to launch a Snapdragon 720G-powered phone. Devices powered by the Snapdragon 662 and 460 will be available towards the end of this year. 

#GreatThingsTakeTime 😊

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#Pomegranate #Benefits

Benefits of Pomegranate

Here are some of the potential benefits of pomegranate.

1. Antioxidants

Pomegranates have been eaten throughout history for their health benefits. Nowadays, the juice of this fruit is a popular part of healthy diets.

Pomegranate seeds get their vibrant red hue from polyphenols. These chemicals are powerful antioxidants.
Pomegranate juice contains higher levels of antioxidants than most other fruit juices. It also has three times more antioxidants than red wine and green tea. The antioxidants in pomegranate juice can help remove free radicals, protect cells from damage, and reduce inflammation.

2. Vitamin C

The juice of a single pomegranate has more than 40 percent of your daily requirement of vitamin C. Vitamin C can be broken down when pasteurized, so opt for homemade or fresh pomegranate juice to get the most of the nutrient.

3. Cancer prevention

Pomegranate juice recently made a splash when researchers found that it may help stop the growth of prostate cancer cells. Despite multiple studies on the effects of the juice on prostate cancer, results are still preliminary.
While there haven't been long-term studies with humans that prove that pomegranate juice prevents cancer or reduces the risk, adding it to your diet certainly can't hurt. There have been encouraging results in studies so far, and bigger studies are now being done.

4. Alzheimer's disease protection

The antioxidants in the juice and their high concentration are believed to stall the progress of Alzheimer disease and protect memory.

5. Digestion

Pomegranate juice can reduce inflammation in the gut and improve digestion. It may be beneficial for people with Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, and other inflammatory bowel diseases.
While there are conflicting beliefs and research on whether pomegranate juice helps or worsens diarrhea, most doctors recommend avoiding it until you are feeling better and your symptoms have subsided.

6. Anti-inflammatory

Pomegranate juice is a powerful anti-inflammatory because of its high concentration of antioxidants. It can help reduce inflammation throughout the body and prevent oxidative stress and damage.

7. Arthritis

Flavonols in pomegranate juice may help block the inflammation that contributes to osteoarthritis and cartilage damage. The juice is currently being studied for its potential effects on osteoporosis, rheumatoid arthritis, and other types of arthritis and joint inflammation.

8. Heart disease

Pomegranate juice is in the running as the most heart-healthy juice. It appears to protect the heart and arteries.
Small studies have shown that the juice improves blood flow and keeps the arteries from becoming stiff and thick. It may also slow the growth of plaque and buildup of cholesterol in the arteries. But pomegranate may react negatively with blood pressure and cholesterol medications like statins.
Be sure to talk with your doctor before indulging in the juice or taking a pomegranate extract supplement.

9. Blood pressure

Drinking pomegranate juice daily may also help lower systolic blood pressure. A comprehensive review of randomized controlled trials stated that it would be beneficial for heart health to include pomegranate juice daily.

10. Antiviral

Between the vitamin C and other immune-boosting nutrients like vitamin E, pomegranate juice can prevent illness and fight off infection. Pomegranates have also been shown to be antibacterial and antiviral in lab tests. They are being studied for their effects on common infections and viruses.

11. Vitamin-rich

In addition to vitamin C and vitamin E, pomegranate juice is a good source of folate, potassium, and vitamin K.
Whether you decide to add pomegranate to your daily diet or just sip on it every now and then, check the label to ensure that it is 100 percent pure pomegranate juice, without added sugar. Or, juice it fresh.

12. Memory

Drinking 8 ounces of pomegranate juice a daily may improve learning and memory, according to a recent study.

13. Sexual performance and fertility

Pomegranate juice's concentration of antioxidants and ability to impact oxidative stress make it a potential fertility aid. Oxidative stress has been shown to cause sperm dysfunction and decrease fertility in women.
The juice has also been shown to help reduce oxidative stress in the placenta. But researchers don't yet know the exact benefits this may provide. Drinking pomegranate juice can also increase testosterone levels in men and women, one of the main hormones behind sex drive.

14. Endurance and sports performance

Move over, tart cherry and beet juice. Pomegranate juice may be the new sport performance enhancer. The juice may help reduce soreness and improve strength recovery. It also decreases oxidative damage caused by exercise.

15. Diabetes

Pomegranate was traditionally used as a remedy for diabetes in the Middle East and India. While much is still unknown about the effects of pomegranate on diabetes, it may help decrease insulin resistance and lower blood sugar.

Bottom line

Green juice isn't the only healthy option out there. Adding pomegranate juice to your diet may reduce your risk for chronic disease and inflammation. It's also a great way to get the fruit's nutrients and a boost of antioxidants.
There are various brands of pomegranate juice to purchase online. It is a good idea to compare different products to choose the most beneficial one.

These Qualcomm chips will power your 5G Android phone in 2020

Oppo, Xiaomi, Motorola and other handset makers plan to release devices with the chips early this year.

5G is a hot topic this week at Qualcomm's Snapdragon Technology Summit in Hawaii.


The chip and the separate 5G modem that will power a big chunk of next year's high-end smartphones are finally here. And a couple more processors, aimed at slightly cheaper phones, will come with 5G modems already integrated.

Qualcomm, the world's biggest wireless chipmaker, on Tuesday unveiled its new Snapdragon 865 processor for high-end smartphones in 2020. The chip will power devices like Xiaomi's Mi 10 and Oppo's next high-end phone, two flagship devices expected to launch in the first quarter of 2020.

Surprisingly, phone makers that want to use the Snapdragon 865 and connect their devices to a 5G network must also buy Qualcomm's X55 modem. Many market watchers had expected Qualcomm's newest high-end chip to integrate 5G on the same chip as the application processor.

Instead, phone makers that want a single chip that acts as the brains of a device and connects to 5G can instead opt for Qualcomm's new Snapdragon 765 or 765G that include the slower X52 modem. The 765 and 765G processors will be aimed at cheaper smartphones than devices using the 865.

Consumers get lots of benefits from the integration of a phone's brains with the modem, including better battery life and lower cost. Motorola and HMD, which makes Nokia phones, are two companies that plan to introduce phones powered by the Snapdragon 765 family.

"2020 is the year 5G goes mainstream," Qualcomm President Cristiano Amon said Tuesday in a blog post. He added during a keynote Tuesday that "we're very happy as an industry with the progress we made with 5G" in 2019.

Qualcomm this week is hosting its third annual Snapdragon Technology Summit on Hawaii's Maui island. This year's conference features executives from all four major US carriers (Verizon, AT&T, T-Mobile and Sprint), handset makers like Motorola, Oppo, HMD and Xiaomi, and software partners such as Google, Pokemon Go developer Niantic, Snapchat parent Snap and social media upstart TikTok.

Like in previous years, Qualcomm unveiled the names of its new mobile chips on Tuesday and said it would give more details about their capabilities the following day. Along with introducing new processors, the company is using the conference as the place to outline its vision for the mobile world in the coming year. This time around, it's talking almost nonstop about 5G.

5G promises to significantly boost the speed, coverage and responsiveness of wireless networks. It can run 10 to 100 times faster than a typical cellular connection today, and it'll also boost how fast a device will connect to the network with speeds as quick as a millisecond to start your download or upload. Operators around the globe began rolling out their networks in 2019.

For Qualcomm, this week's message about 5G comes through loud and clear: It wants 5G to be everywhere, even on cheaper devices, as soon as possible. And it expects the 5G revolution to be powered by its Snapdragon 865 paired with the X55 modem -- or by the Snapdragon 765 and 765G with an integrated X52.

In markets like the US in 2020, it may be almost impossible to buy a premium phone that doesn't come with 5G. Even Apple is working on putting 5G in the iPhone in 2020.

"We're projecting that more than 200 million 5G smartphones will ship in this coming year alone," Amon said Tuesday, echoing remarks from Qualcomm's investor presentations in November. That number is predicted to rise to over 450 million in 2021 and to over 750 million in 2022.

By comparison, Samsung -- the world's biggest handset maker -- said in September that it had sold 2 million 5G phones since May and that it expected to sell 4 million by the end of 2019. (That may seem like a lot, but it's just a tiny fraction of Samsung's total smartphone sales. In the second quarter, Samsung shipped 76.3 million smartphones, according to Strategy Analytics). Samsung offers a handful of 5G devices, while many of its rivals offer only one.

Apple's likely foray into 5G next year could be one reason Qualcomm is so optimistic about the market in 2020.

5G's arrival

While the super-fast mobile connectivity started rolling out worldwide this year, early experiences on the devices and the networks in the US have been criticized by tech reviewers and regular consumers. The devices have tended to run hot and 5G connectivity has been difficult to find in the cities where the service is available.

Still, more than 40 wireless operators around the globe have turned on their 5G networks, and more than 40 handset makers have introduced 5G devices, Qualcomm said. The rollout, even with its hiccups, is "significantly faster than 4G, where just four operators and three [device makers] launched in the first year," Amon said.

"I had very high hopes for 5G's rollout, but what's happening is exceeding all expectations," Amon said. "It's the fastest G transition we've ever seen."

The industry has been waiting on Qualcomm's next modem, the X55, to supercharge the expansion of 5G. The X55, unveiled in February, can run on all of the cellular networks from 5G to 2G, and it works on the flavor of 5G favored by AT&T and T-Mobile for their broader network rollouts. Users also will be able to switch between carriers with the same phone -- something you can't do with current 5G devices, which are tied to a specific network.

Qualcomm's 5G modems pair with the Snapdragon 865 and 765 in slightly different ways.

865 vs. 765

Qualcomm makes standalone modems to connect phones to mobile networks, but it's best known for its ability to integrate a modem with the application processor. Doing so reduces power consumption and the amount of space the chips take up in a device, letting phones become sleeker than before or pack in larger batteries. Having an integrated chip also enables device makers to quickly develop phones for essentially any 5G network in the world. And it makes 5G handsets cheaper for consumers.

But Qualcomm isn't integrating 5G into its new highest-end chip, the Snapdragon 865. Instead, the first processors to come with integrated 5G are the slightly lower-end Snapdragon 765 and 765G, and they're using a slightly slower 5G modem. That fact likely surprises some market watchers, who had expected the integrated chip that Qualcomm has talked about since February to show up in its highest-end processor.

But the 765 and 765G (the G stands for gaming) will let 5G come to midrange devices, an area that currently doesn't have the faster connectivity.

"The 765 platform is critical for expanding 5G across more markets at more price points," Motorola President Sergio Buniac said Tuesday at Qualcomm's conference.

The Snapdragon 865's predecessor, the Snapdragon 855, comes integrated with Qualcomm's X24 modem that's capable of multigigabit 4G LTE download speeds. Devices with the 855 require Qualcomm's separate 5G modem to connect to 5G.

When 4G came out a decade ago, it had two generations in which the brains of a device were separate from the modem, Alex Katouzian, senior vice president and general manager of mobile at Qualcomm, said in an interview ahead of the summit.

"The standard is new," Katouzian said. "We haven't had time to vet out different features for the modem to make it more optimized and smaller. What happens over the course of time is some features get used a lot more than others so we can figure out what to use and what not to use. As the third generation rolls out … we can make a single chip."

Speeding 5G development

To help get 5G in more devices faster, Qualcomm has built "mobile platform-based modules" for the first time, calling them the Snapdragon 865 and 765 Modular Platforms. These systems contain essentially all of the components needed to power a device, from the brains to the power management. And they will already be certified by carriers, speeding up the time needed to get the phones onto networks.

Not all handset makers today have engineering departments capable of quickly implementing 5G. The aim of the modules "is to take entire chipset, including almost all components laid out externally, and put them into modules and give those modules to [handset developers] who want to crank out 5G phones at a much faster rate," Katouzian said.

The modules take up less space than "than the very complicated 5G design boards" that a handset maker may create on its own, he said. That lets the companies increase the battery size because the chips take up less space inside the phone. And they can release more 5G handset models in a shorter period of time.

HMD is one customer that will use Qualcomm's new Snapdragon modules. Verizon and Vodafone are the first carriers that plan to support Qualcomm's Modular Platforms, and more should follow in 2020.

"We think this is not only applicable to the cellular market but all adjacent markets," Katouzian said. That includes automotive, internet of things, medical and wearables. "Their expertise doesn't lie in mobile tech," he said. "We will help them connect everything that way with the module design."